«Polish Question» and the Roman Catholic Church in Ukrainian Lands in the Russian Empire (1864–1914)

Надтока, Геннадій Михайлович and Горпинченко, Інна Володимирівна and Тарнавський, І.С. (2021) «Polish Question» and the Roman Catholic Church in Ukrainian Lands in the Russian Empire (1864–1914) Сторінки історії (53). ISSN 2411-0647

Text (Стаття опублікована в електронній версії фахового видання “Сторінки Історії”) H_Nadtoka_I_Horpynchenko_SI_53_IFF.pdf - Published Version Download (937kB)

Abstract

The study is dedicated to clarifying the essence of the «Polish question» in secular and confessional terms and its evolution in Ukrainian lands under the rule of the Russian Empire in the period between the Polish Uprising of 1863 and the First World War. The combination of the Polish secular and Polish confessional (Roman Catholic) directions of the national liberation movement, that is, in a certain sense, of two independent problems, in the presented article is relevant due to several circumstances. Firstly, the Poles retained the status of the main representatives of the Roman Catholic Church in Ukraine. Secondly, represented mainly by Poles, the RCC objectively became the ideological and organizational center of the Polish national revival. Thirdly, under severe repression, the RCC in Ukraine was revived primarily by the efforts of Poles and in synchrony with the Polish liberation movement. Based on a broad range of the sources from national archives, namely the Russian State Historical Archive (located in St. Petersburg) and archival press materials of that time, the main stages and trends in the evolution of «Polish question» have been reconstructed within a chronological framework from 1863 to 1914. Within the author’s concept of patterns of Polish People struggle for national liberation, it has been revealed that having endured the troublesome tsarist repressions, especially in the first post-revolt decade, Polish society in Ukrainian lands under the rule of the Russian Empire managed to preserve its national identity and to start the process of national revival with the ideological support of the Roman Catholic Church. Its active phase occurred in 1905–1907 and lasted in latent forms during the reaction before the beginning of the First World War. The historical events of the period demonstrated the failure of all the models of coexistence with the Poles implemented in Russia: repressive, restrictive and compromising (pacifying) models. The reasons for the failure of tsarist government assimilation policies and, at the same time, for raising Polish liberation capacity-building potential were also caused by the loyal attitude from the local people to the Polish struggle, especially in the Right-Bank Ukraine.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	«рolish question»; Roman Catholic Church; Ukrainian lands under Russian Empire; assimilation policies; «depolonization of Church»; Polish national rebirth.
Subjects:	Це архівна тематика Київського університету імені Бориса Грінченка > Статті у наукометричних базах > Web of Science Це архівна тематика Київського університету імені Бориса Грінченка > Статті у журналах > Фахові (входять до переліку фахових, затверджений МОН)
Divisions:	Це архівні підрозділи Київського університету імені Бориса Грінченка > Факультет суспільно-гуманітарних наук > Кафедра всесвітньої історії
Depositing User:	Професор Геннадій Михайлович Надтока
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2022 08:24
Last Modified:	02 May 2022 14:48
URI:	https://elibrary.kubg.edu.ua/id/eprint/40331

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